FABRICATION OF IOT BASED SEED SOWING MACHINE

In the field of agriculture, various operations for handling heavy material are performed. For example, in vegetable cropping, workers should handle heavy vegetables in the harvest season. Additionally, in organic farming, which is fast gaining popularity, workers should handle heavy compost bags in the fertilizing season. These operations are dull, repetitive, or require strength and skill for the workers.
In the 1980.s many agricultural robots were started for research and development. Kawamura and co-workers developed the fruit harvesting in orchard. Grand and co-workers developed the apple harvesting robot. They have been followed by many other works. Many of the works focus on structure systems design (e.g., mechanical systems design) ofthe robot and report realization of the basic actions in actual open fields. However, many of the robots are not in the stages of diffusion but still in the stages of research and development. It is important to find rooms to achieve higher performance and lower cost of the robots.
Over history, agriculture has evolved from a manual occupation to a highly industrialized business, utilizing I wide variety of tools and machines. Researchers are now looking towards the realization of autonomous agricultural vehicles. The first stage of development, automatic vehicle guidance, has been studied for many years, with a number of innovations explored as early as the 1920s. The concept of fully autonomous agricultural vehicles is far from new; examples of early driverless tractor prototypes using leader cable guidance systems date back to the 1950s and 1960s. In the 1980s, the potential for combining computers with image sensors provided opportunities for machine vision based guidance systems. During the mid-1980s, researchers at Michigan State University and Texas A&M University were exploring machine vision guidance. Also during that decade, a program for robotic harvesting of oranges was successfully performed at the University of Florida. In 1997, agricultural automation had become a major issue along with the advocacy of precision agriculture. The potential benefits of automated agricultural vehicles include increased productivity, increased application accuracy, and enhanced operation safety. Additionally, the rapid advancements in electronics, computers, and computing technologies have inspired renewed interest in the development of vehicle guidance systems. Various guidance technologies, including mechanical guidance, optical guidance, radio navigation, and ultrasonic guidance, have been investigated.